Milling machines are versatile devices that can perform many different machining operations. Parts are moved into a rotating cutter which remains fixed in space.
Turning is performed on a lathe. Lathes are used to perform several operations, almost all of which involve the rotation of the piece part. The piece part is made to rotate while a cutting tool, held in a holder, is moved into the rotating piece part. Some of the operations that can be performed on a lathe include: facing, turning, boring, cutting a taper, and thread cutting.
Generally, broaching is classified as a planning or shaping process. Broaching equipment uses a cutting tool to remove material and shape a hole or outside surface of a part. Broaching tools are available in a variety of designs and shapes. These tools have equally spaced teeth, with each successive tooth designed to feed deeper into the workpiece. Broaching can be used to enlarge, shape, or smooth a bored or drilled hole, and to remove material between two adjacent drilled holes. For example, a round hole can be broached to a square or other shape.
Several different processes, including trepanning, gun drilling, ejector drilling and other methods, can achieve deep-hole drilling. In the trepanning process, a circular, toothed cutting tool is rotated and fed axially into a workpiece to cut a narrow grooved surface in it. Gun drilling is a quick and efficient method of producing deep or shallow close tolerance holes with smooth surface finishes - usually in one pass. The boring process uses a lathe, boring machine, or boring mill to make or enlarge a cylindrical hole.
Etching is the treatment of a prepared metal surface with acid or other chemical reagent, which, by differential attack, reveals the structure, creating a recessed image. Chemical milling involves the removal of select material by etching, chemical milling etchant, chemical machining, or conversion of the material by some electrochemical reaction.
Honing uses abrasive stones or silicon-carbide slips that move in both rotational and axial directions to obtain a specified finish or dimensional tolerance.
Jig boring is a precision machining process that includes centering, drilling, reaming, counter boring, contouring, through- boring and step boring. Jig boring machines are similar to jig grinders, but use boring tools instead of high-speed grinding wheels.
Laser machining is a material removal process accomplished by laser / material interaction. These processes include laser drilling, laser cutting and grooving, marking, and scribing.
Swiss screw machining is used when high-finish, close-tolerance bearing surfaces are requires on small shafts. It provides a higher-quality product than a ground finish.
In abrasive machining, a jet of water and abrasive is directed at the material to be machined. The jet drags the abrasive through the material in a curved path. The resulting centrifugal forces on the particles press them against the workpiece. The cutting action is a grinding process where the forces and motions are provided by water, rather than a solid grinding wheel. The result is a very small width of cut, allowing for precise machining.
Superabrasive machining uses grinding wheels made from extra hard materials such as diamond, cubic boron nitride (CBN), and borazon. These hard materials allow for closer tolerance machining and less tool wear that is associated with traditional machining. Often a superabrasive machining process can replace two-or-more standard processes, resulting in overall costs savings.
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The machine has automation to manipulate part or cutting tool to achieve 5-axis machining.
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Rotary transfer machines decrease floor space requirements, limit product handling and facilitate high production throughput. Several machining stations are integrated into one unit. The workpiece remains stationary as several operations are carried out, eliminating the need for secondary operations and long production chains.
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Aluminum is a bluish, silver-white, malleable, ductile, light, trivalent metallic element with good electrical and thermal conductivity, high reflectivity, and resistance to oxidation.
Brass provides good strength, excellent high-temperature ductility and reasonable cold ductility, good conductivity, excellent corrosion resistance, good bearing properties and low magnetic permeability.
Bronze is an alloy of copper, tin, phosphorous, antimony or other materials. It usually consists of 0.5 - 10% tin and is harder, stronger, and more corrosion-resistant than brass.
The term "cast iron" refers not to a single material, but to a family of materials whose major constituent is iron, with important trace amounts of carbon and silicon. Cast irons are natural composite materials whose properties are determined by their microstructures - the stable and metastable phases formed during solidification or subsequent heat treatment. The major microstructural constituents of cast irons are: the chemical and morphological forms taken by carbon, and the continuous metal matrix in which the carbon and/or carbide are dispersed.
Composites are solid materials that are comprised of two or more substances with distinct properties. When merged, each substance retains its own characteristics while imparting beneficial properties to the entire composition. An example of a composite is a plastic material in which a fibrous framework is embedded for greater structural stability.
Copper is a common reddish metallic element that is ductile and malleable and one of the best conductors of heat and electricity. Copper alloys are specified for services where superior corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and good bearing surface qualities are desired. Casting readily produces irregular and often complex external-internal contours. All copper-base alloys are easily plated, brazed, soldered and machined.
Glass is a hard, brittle material consisting of a mixture of silicates. It is usually transparent or translucent. Glass is considered to be a cooled liquid rather than a true solid.
Glass ceramics are ceramics that can be fused and then molded, formed, ground or machined using conventional glass fabrication techniques. After part fabrication, the glass ceramic's structure is transformed from an amorphous glassy state to a crystalline ceramic state. MACOR® is widely applied glass ceramic with a fluorine rich glass composition approaching trisilicic fluorphlogopite mica (KMg3AlSi3O10F2). MACOR® is a trademarked proprietary material of Corning Corporation. Ceran®, Ceramat®, Robax® and Zerodur® are widely applied proprietary glass ceramics from Schott Glass Corporation.
Nickel and nickel alloys include products such as Monel®, Kovar®, Invar®, Inconel®, Incoloy®, and Hastelloy®. Monel, Inconel and Incoloy are registered trademarks of Special Metals Corporation. Kovar and Invar are registered trademarks of Carpenter Technology. Hastelloy is a registered trademark of Haynes International.
Plastics are any of various organic compounds produced by polymerization. They are capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films, or drawn into filaments and used as textile fibers.
Precious metals are valuable, relatively scarce, highly corrosion-resistant, and found in periods 5 and 6 of the periodic table. They include ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold.
Steel and steel alloys are metals for which iron is the primary constituent. This category includes carbon and cold-rolled steels, stainless steel, etc.
Stone or rock is concreted earthy or mineral matter. Marble is a metamorphic rock formed by alteration of limestone or dolomite, often irregularly colored by impurities, and used especially in architecture and sculpture. Granite is a common, coarse-grained, light-colored, hard igneous rock consisting chiefly of quartz, orthoclase or microcline, and mica. It is used in monuments and for building.
Titanium is a hard, lustrous, silvery element that is relatively abundant in the Earth's crust. It is known for its lightness, strength, and corrosion resistance. For this reason it is used widely in the aerospace industry and the medical fields (e.g., replacement joints). When alloyed with other metals, especially steel, titanium adds strength and oxidation resistance.
Ultra-hard materials are harder than steel. This category includes ceramics (CBN, Si3N4, ZrO2, Al2O3, etc.), diamond, quartz, ruby, sapphire, and others.
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Anodizing is a galvanic finishing process well suited to aluminum and its alloys. Anodized finishes can be hard for wear applications, or can include corrosion-resistant properties or a wide variety of colors.
Electroplating is a finishing process often used for materials such as brass, bronze, and copper. A wide variety of colors and textures can be achieved.
Heat treating is a broad category of processes used to treat metals (e.g., annealing, passivation, hardening, etc.). Stress relieving is used to relieve residual stresses imposed during the stamping process.
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Suppliers can receive solid-model files electronically and/or use those files for part creation. Consult the supplier for details on computer aided design (CAD) software, computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software, and support capabilities.
Supplier can assist with concepts, manufacturing costs, manufacturing techniques and material considerations. Suppliers may also be able to assist in upgrading or redesigning, re-evaluating or modernizing existing products to increase performance and/or reduce manufacturing costs.
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AS 9000 defines quality management system (QMS) requirements for suppliers to the aerospace industry. It was developed by major aerospace manufacturers and published by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). AS 9000 is based on ISO 9001, but includes over 80 additional requirements for the aerospace industry.
AS 9100 / AS 9100B is an expanded, international version of AS 9000, a standard that defines quality-system requirements for suppliers to the aerospace industry. AS 9100 / AS 9100B was developed by major aerospace manufacturers in conjunction with ISO Aerospace Technical Committee (TC) 20, and is published by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
QS-9000 is a quality standard for suppliers of DaimlerChrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company, and General Motors Corporation. QS-9000 is based on the 1994 edition of ISO 9001, but contains additional requirements that are particular to the automotive industry. Specifically, QS-9000 applies to suppliers of production materials, production and service parts, heat treating, painting and plating and other finishing services.
ISO 9001:2000, a part of the larger ISO 9000 standard, contains the actual requirements with which an organization needs to comply to become certified. ISO 9001:2000 replaces the ISO 9001:1994 quality standard.
ISO 13485:2003 specifies quality management system (QMS) requirements for organizations that need to demonstrate their ability to provide medical devices and related services that consistently meet applicable customer and regulatory requirements. ISO 13485:2003 contains specific requirements for medical devices and excludes non-applicable requirements from ISO 9001. Consequently, an organization with a QMS that conforms to ISO 13485:2003 cannot claim to conformity to ISO 9001 unless the QMS meets all of ISO 9001’s requirements.
ISO 14000 provides an internationally recognized framework for environmental management, measurement, evaluation and auditing. ISO 14000 does not prescribe environmental performance targets, but provides organizations with the tools to assess and control the impact of their activities, products or services on the environment. ISO 14001:1996, a part of the larger ISO 14000 standard, contains the actual requirements with which an organization needs to comply in order to become certified.
ISO/TS 16949:2002 is an ISO Technical Specification that aligns existing American (QS-9000), German (VDA6.1), French (EAQF) and Italian (AVSQ) automotive quality systems standards for the global automotive industry.
Suppliers are registered with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the manufacture of foods, human drugs, medical devices, biologics, and/or animal feeds and drugs.
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Companies are located in the Northeast United States, namely Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Vermont.
Companies are located in the Southern United States, namely Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington D.C., and West Virginia.
Companies are located in the Midwest United States, namely Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota and Wisconsin.
Companies have facilities in South American countries such as Argentina, Brazil, or Chile; or in Central American countries such as Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, etc.
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