Blow molding is a process commonly used when parts are hollow in design. It is similar to injection molding except that hot liquid thermoplastic rubber elastomer comes enters the mold vertically, in a hollow molten tube or "parison." The mold close on it and compressed air blows up the parison like a balloon, forcing it outward to conform to the inside shape of the mold. After cooling, a hollow part emerges.
Cast urethane molding fills open molds with liquid, uncured urethane. As a class, urethane elastomers have excellent wear resistance, high tensile strength and high elasticity in comparison with other elastomers. Permeability is good and comparable with butyl.
In compression molding, a slug of rubber is pressed between 2 heated mold halves. This is generally done with vertical presses as opposed to the horizontal presses used for injection and blow molding. After being formed, the part is air-cooled. Both tooling and piece part prices are moderate.
Dip molding is similar to hot dip coating, in which the finished product is the fused plastisol stripped from the dipped mold. Dip molding is used to produce such parts as gloves, grips, and protective caps.
In the injection molding process, liquid rubber is forced into a cooled mold under tremendous pressure. After the material solidifies, the mold is unclamped and a finished part is ejected.
Liquid injection molding (LIM) is a suitable process for high volume production of silicone and fluorosilicone products and materials. The process involves injection of a dual component mixture, a catalyst and crosslinker, into a heated, pressurized mold. Thermosetting takes place during a short time span and the end result is a high quality product.
In transfer molding, two mold halves are clamped together and rubber or silicone is forced by pressure into the mold. A chamber (called a pot), usually at the top of the mould, and the assembly is placed in a press. The press applies pressure to a piston-like plug in the open end of the pot, clamping the halves of the mold together and forcing the rubber to flow through one or more sprues into the heated mould.
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Butyl is a common term for the isobutylene isoprene elastomer. It provides resistance to water, steam, alkalis, and oxygenated solvents. Butyl has low gas-permeation and is capable of providing high-energy absorption (dampening) and good hot tear strength. The range of suggested operating temperatures is 75° to 250° F.
Ethylene propylene (EPDM) offers good resistance to sunlight, weathering, and ozone. It has poor resistance to petroleum oils and fuel, but has good heat and compression set resistance. The range of suggested operating temperatures is -70° to 275° F. EPDM's trade names include Nordel® (DuPont Dow Elastomers), Vistalon® (Exxon Mobil Chemical), Epsyn® (DSM Elastomers), Royalene® (Uniroyal Chemical), and Epcar® (B.F. Goodrich).
Tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber (FEPM) is a highly fluorinated, carbon-backboned polymer. It is resistant to harsh chemical and ozone attacks and provides good thermal stability. AFLAS® (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) is a proprietary form of FEPM which offers low compression set and excellent aging characteristics. Its range of suggested operating temperatures is -10° to 300° F.
Fluoroelastomer (FKM - Viton®, Fluorel®, etc.) is a range of tailorable fluoropolymer elastomers. They are normally black and have high heat, oil, and chemical resistance, but indifferent low temperature performance. With the exception of Kalrez® (Dupont Dow Elastomers) perfluorinated elastomer, they are about the most highly temperature resistant of all commercially available elastomers. Trade names include Viton® (Dupont Dow Elastomers), Fluorel® and Aflas™ (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), and Technoflon® (Montedison).
The mechanical and physical properties of fluorosilicone are very similar to silicone; however, fluorosilicone offers improved fuel and mineral oil resistance, but poor hot-air resistance in comparison. The range of suggested operating temperatures is -100° to 350° F. Fluorosilicone's trade names include FSE® (General Electric Co.), Silastic® (Dow Chemical), and Sylon® (3M Corporation).
Neoprene is a synthetic rubber that resists degradation from sun, ozone, and weather. It performs well in contact with oils and many chemicals. Neoprene remains useful over a wide range of temperatures, displays outstanding physical toughness, and resists burning inherently better than exclusively hydrocarbon rubbers. Neoprene also offers resistance to damage caused by flexing and twisting. The range of suggested operating temperatures is -45° to 230° F. DuPont Dow originally engineered neoprene.
Nitrile provides good resistance to petroleum hydrocarbons and fuels. It is used widely with most oils, hydraulic fluids, and alcohol. Many compound variations are available for specific applications. The range of suggested operating temperatures is 30° to 275° F. Trade names include Breon® (BP Chemicals), Chemigum® (Goodyear), Hycar® (B F Goodrich), Krynac® (Polysar Ltd.), Nipol® (Zeon Chemicals), Nysyn® NBR, (DSM Elastomers), Paracril® (Uniroyal Chemical), and Perbunan® (Mobay).
Polyurethane (PUR) resins provide excellent flexibility, impact resistance, and durability. Polyurethanes are formed through the reaction of an isocyanate component with polyols or other active hydroxyl group compounds. Polyurethanes require a catalyst, heat, or air evaporation to initiate and complete curing.
Silicone rubber is a two-component, synthetic, flexible, rubber-like material made from silicone elastomers that can be cured at room temperature into a solid elastomer used in molding. It is heat resistant, durable, and free of allergens or leachable chemicals. Liquid silicone is similar to standard silicone, but has different processing characteristics. It is purchased as a two-part raw material with a grease-like viscosity.
Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) offers good resistance to petroleum hydrocarbons and fuels. It is widely used with most oils, hydraulic fluids, and alcohol. Many compound variations are available for specific applications. The range of suggested operating temperatures is -30° to 275° F.
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Suppliers can mold-in or mold-on graphics such as company logos, warning labels, and instructions. Mold-in graphics incorporate a decal into a molded part. The decal is applied to the mold surface and becomes integral to the molded component. Mold-on graphics can be applied after the part is molded.
Micro molding uses special miniature molding machines to produce very small parts that typically weigh less than two grams. Micro molding serves a variety of industries and is used in medical, automotive, and consumer electronics applications.
Suppliers provide secondary operations and assembly services such as electro-mechanical assemblies, ultrasonic and heat welding, printing, painting, bonding, and machining.
Suppliers provide packaging and shipping capabilities including bulk shipments for further processing or final packaging and shipping of products or devices directly to the individual end customer.
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AS 9100 is an expanded, international version of AS 9000, a standard which defines quality system requirements for suppliers to the aerospace industry. AS 9100 was developed by major aerospace manufactures in conjunction with the ISO Aerospace Technical Committee (TC) 20, and published by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
ISO 9001:2000 establishes requirements for company quality management systems. Standards range from manufacturing to services such as design, development, production, and installation.
ISO 13485:2003 specifies quality management system (QMS) requirements for organizations that need to demonstrate their ability to provide medical devices and related services that consistently meet applicable customer and regulatory requirements. ISO 13485:2003 contains specific requirements for medical devices and excludes non-applicable requirements from ISO 9001. Consequently, an organization with a QMS that conforms to ISO 13485:2003 cannot claim to conformity to ISO 9001 unless the QMS meets all of ISO 9001’s requirements.
ISO 14001 specifies the actual requirements for an environmental management system. It applies to those environmental aspects, over which the organization has control or influence. ISO 14001 was first published in 1996 and is the only ISO 14000 standard against which it is currently possible to be certified by an external certification authority.
ISO/TS 16949:2002 is an ISO Technical Specification that aligns existing American (QS-9000), German (VDA6.1), French (EAQF) and Italian (AVSQ) automotive quality systems standards for the global automotive industry.
QS 9000 is a quality standard for suppliers of DaimlerChrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company, and General Motors Corporation. QS-9000 is based on the 1994 edition of ISO 9001, but contains additional requirements that are particular to the automotive industry. Specifically, QS 9000 applies to suppliers of production materials, production and service parts, heat treating, painting and plating, and other finishing services.
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Companies are located in the Northeast United States, namely Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Vermont.
Companies are located in the Southern United States, namely Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington D.C., and West Virginia.
Companies are located in the Midwest United States, namely Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota and Wisconsin.
Companies have facilities in South American countries such as Argentina, Brazil, or Chile; or in Central American countries such as Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, etc.
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